|
''La Pinta'' (Spanish for ''The Pint'' (liquid measure), ''The Look'', or ''The Spotted One'' ) was the fastest of the three ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first transatlantic voyage in 1492. The New World was first sighted by Rodrigo de Triana on the ''Pinta'' on October 12, 1492. The owner of the ''Pinta'' was Cristobal Quintero. The Quintero brothers were ship owners from Palos. The owner of the ship allowed Martin Alonso Pinzon to take over the ship so he could keep an eye on the ship. The ''Pinta'' was a caravel-type vessel. By tradition Spanish ships were named after saints and usually given nicknames. Thus, the ''Pinta'', like the ''Niña'', was not the ship's actual name. The actual name of the ''Pinta'' is unknown. The origin of the ship is disputed but is believed to have been built in Spain in the year 1441. It was later rebuilt for use by Christopher Columbus. ==Detail== The ''Pinta'' was square rigged and smaller than the ''Santa María''. The ship weighed approximately 60 tons with an estimated deck length of and a width of . 〔http://www.elizabethan-era.org.uk/christopher-columbus-ships.htm〕 The crew size was 26 men under Captain Martín Alonso Pinzón. The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the ''Niña'' and the ''Santa María''. There are no known contemporary likenesses of Columbus's ships. The ''Santa María'' (aka the ''Gallega'') was the largest, of a type known as a carrack (''carraca'' in Spanish), or by the Portuguese term ''nau''. The ''Niña'' and the ''Pinta'' were smaller. They were called caravels, a name then given to the smallest three-masted vessels. Columbus once used it for a vessel of forty tons, but it generally applied in Portuguese or Spanish use to a vessel ranging one hundred and twenty to one hundred and forty Spanish "toneles". This word represents a capacity about one-tenth larger than that expressed by the modern English "ton". The ''Niña'', ''Pinta'', and the ''Santa María'' were not the largest ships in Europe at the time. They were small trade ships surpassed in size by ships like the ''Great Michael'', built in Scotland in 1511 with a length of 73.2 m (240 ft), and a crew of 300 sailors, 120 gunners, and up to 1,000 soldiers. The ''Peter von Danzig'' of the Hanseatic League was built in 1462 and was 51 m (167.3 ft) long. Another large ship, the English carrack ''Grace Dieu'', was built during the period 1420–1439, was 66.4 m (218 ft) long, and weighed between 1,400 tons and 2,750 tons. Ships built in Europe in the fifteenth century were designed to sail the Mediterranean sea and the Atlantic ocean coastlines. Columbus' smaller-sized ships were considered riskier on the open ocean than larger ships. This made it difficult to recruit crew members, and a small number were jailed prisoners given a lighter sentence if they would sail with Columbus. Most of the commerce of the time was the coastal commerce of the Mediterranean, so it was better if ships did not draw much water. The fleet of Columbus, as it sailed, consisted of the ''Gallega'' (the ''Galician''), which he changed the name to the ''Santa María'', and of the ''Pinta'' and the ''Niña''. Of these the first two were of a tonnage that should be rated as about one hundred and thirty tons. The ''Niña'' was much smaller, not more than fifty tons. One writer says that they were all without full decks, that is, that such decks as they had did not extend from stem to stern. Other authorities, however, speak as if the ''Niña'' was only an open vessel, and the two larger were decked. Columbus himself took command of the ''Santa María'', Martin Alonso Pinzon of the ''Pinta'', and his brothers, Francis Martin and Vicente Yanez, of the ''Niña''. The whole company in all three ships numbered one hundred and twenty men. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pinta (ship)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|